The Lahui Kuikawa

Poul Anderson, The Stars Are Also Fire, 5.

Human global society is differentiated into an "Orthosphere" (p. 73) and a "Heterosphere" (p. 74), which sounds like the terminology in The Byworlder.

The Heterosphere includes a two-species society like the human-Avalonian enclave on Avalon in Anderson's Technic History:

"The Lahui Kuikawa amounted to about ten thousand humans on a small Hawaiian island and maybe fifty thousand Keiki Moana, maybe considerably more, prowling the greatest of the oceans." (p. 72)

Human beings and intelligent seals cooperated on labor-intensive work in:

fish ranches;
dolphin domestication;
aquaculture;
recreational enterprises;
scientific surveys;
salvage and repair.

However, cheap robotization replaced living labor while the Keiki population grew, leading to poverty, hunting and banditry, like theft from farms. A woman of the Lahui tries to mediate between the human authorities and the "kauwa," outcasts, exiles, bandits.

Poul Anderson shows how technological progress generates new social dislocations and conflicts.

Addendum: Aleka of the Lahui Kuikawa swears by "Pele." (p. 73)