Friday, 13 March 2026

Other Planets In The Civilization-Cluster

After Doomsday, 6.

On Kandemir, fertile plains facilitated a nomad culture which domesticated animals, invented writing, government and technology and conquered cities where helots then worked at immobile tasks such as mining. 

A hundred years ago, T'sjuda discovered Kandemir and hired Kandemirians as mercenaries for imperialism on primitive planets, also practiced by Xo and some other planets. Kandemirians became interstellar conquerors still held to their home planet by seasonal rites and even defeated and subordinated T'sjuda but the Vorlakka Draga then headed an opposing coalition.

I have to break off because we are getting ready to go out to The Hunt for Moriarty.

Keep rereading Anderson and Conan Doyle.

Vorlak

After Doomsday, 5.

The planet, Vorlak, was unified into an imperium under the Overmaster eight thousand years ago and discovered by spacefarers two hundred years ago. Since that discovery, the Dragar, masters of sea warships, have become masters of space warships while the imperium has lost power but still embodies wisdom. Vorlakka history has been maritime because most of their land is islands made swamps by tides.

Through the open doors of the Dragar hall, Donnan hears surf, night-birds and a spouting, roaring saurian and smells cold unfamiliar odours. Battle banners hang from remote rafters.

One Draga advises Donnan to kill any of his men who question his authority but he cannot kill any human beings when so few remain!

When there is a pause in the dialogue:

"Even the fire and surf seemed to hush themselves." (p. 44)

Of course the fire and surf did not quieten down but the elements always seem to correspond to the conversation in Poul Anderson's works.

Draga honour grants four inalienable rights:

food and protection to groundlings;
justice and leadership to crew;
respect to colleagues;
deference to the Overmaster.

When Ger Nenna, an imperial scholar-bureaucrat and the Overmaster's representative, asks whether the Draga can deny the Earthmen's right to revenge:

"The fire roared on the hearth." (p. 48)

Of course the fire roars when revenge is mentioned! Ger Nenna does not believe in revenge but does believe in justice and also recognizes the value of humanity to the galaxy.

"The wind, wet and pungent, in his face, sobered Donnan." (ibid.)

The wind always contributes something in Poul Anderson's works.

Donnan and the European women have different ways of trying to find or to be found by other human survivors. Donnan's way is to become involved in the Vorlak-Kandemir war.

Treaty

After Doomsday, 5.

The Soviet Union and the Draga Council of Vorlak had signed a treaty. Donnan is shown:

"...parallel Russian and Vorlakka texts. He could read enough of the former to get the drift. '- common cause of the peace-loving peoples against imperial aggressors...unity in the great patriotic struggle -' He didn't think any non-human could have done the phrasing that exactly." (p. 46)

They could not and we commend Poul Anderson for getting the phrasing just right! We remember some Merseian "blat" (as Afal Uroch had thought of it):

"'All folk heed, we wish you no harm. We are here expressly at the request of your rightful chieftains, the Liberation Council which wills an end to centuries of oppression. His Supremacy the Roidhun recognizes the Liberation Council as the legitimate government of the Gorrazanian Realm. Even so, we of Merseia have no desire to intervene in your affairs. Consider simply how remote our dominions are. It is the sheerest altruism for us to cross such stretches of space, under peril of attack by the aggressors of Imperial Terra, in answer to an appeal - not to give military aid, no, not for any warlike purpose, but to convey hospital supplies to the valiant armies of your Liberation Council. If we come armed, it is for self-defense. If we fight, it is because we were set upon, without the least provocation on our part. Note that we do not pursue the fleeing units of the lawless and discredited Folkmoot regime -'"
-Poul Anderson, The Game Of Empire IN Anderson, Flandry's Legacy (Riverdale, NY, June 2012), pp. 189-453 AT CHAPTER ELEVEN, p. 309.

Poul Anderson could have written propaganda for the Soviet Union and the Merseian Roidhunate. (This might remind some of us of Alan Moore who, within the context of fictional texts, can also turn his hand to propaganda, advertising, pornography etc.)

Vorlak is at war with Kandemir. The Soviet Union produced weapons which were collected by a Vorlakka ship at a secret rendezvous on Venus. Russian military personnel were to gain experience of interstellar war by serving as auxiliaries. Thus, the USSR would get ahead in the Terrestrial arms race...

"Vanity of vanities."

Uru

After Doomsday, 5.

Carl Donnan, now Captain of the USS Benjamin Franklin, converses with Hlott Luurs, the Draga of Tolbek on Vorlak and president of the Dragar Council.

"They both spoke in Uru, a modified form of the language used by the first interstellar visitors to this region. Some such lingua franca was necessary throughout a cluster; every spaceman mastered it as part of his training. Uru was flexible, grammatically streamlined, and included standardized units of measurement. Any oxygen breather could pronounce its phonemes, or at least write its alphabet, well enough to be understood. In fact, several other clusters, their own civilizations first seeded by explorers of that ancient race, had adopted the same auxiliary speech." (p. 43)

("Cluster" means "civilization-cluster," not "galactic cluster.")

This admirable summary deserved to be quoted in full. Imagine spacefarers learning a lingua franca as part of their training. This language has been modified and streamlined. In its inter-species use, it has probably departed far from its original form.

The scenario in After Doomsday is indeed unique.

Thursday, 12 March 2026

Sagittarius And The Magellanic Clouds

In Poul Anderson's Psychotechnic History, the colonized planet, Nerthus, is on the Sagittarian border of the Stellar Union and, many millennia later, human civilization moves beyond Sagittarius to the Galactic centre.

In After Doomsday, the USS Benjamin Franklin went through Sagittarius to galactic centre (sometimes capital "G," sometimes small) and returned to Earth in three years. The later all-male European expedition had:

"'...planned on at least three years in the Magellanic Clouds.'" (4, p. 40)

- which means that I was mistaken when I stated here that there was no mention of any extragalactic travel.

The Greater and Lesser Magellanic Clouds are satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. In Anderson's last future history, members of the galactic brain have spread through the galactic halo:

"...as far as the Magellanic Clouds."
-Poul Anderson, Genesis (New York, 2001), PART TWO, I, p. 101.

- and some have reached the Andromeda galaxy.

World Without Stars, Tau Zero and The Avatar present three different kinds of extragalactic travel.

I did not expect to survey all that when I started this post.

Sigrid, Karin And Easterling

After Doomsday.

I admit to a bias in favour of Sigrid Holmen as soon as I begin to read about her:

"She was a tall young Swede, eyes blue and Italian-cut hair yellow..." (4, p. 35)

Sweden: Stieg Larsson; Abba - I'm sold.

Sigrid is obviously the heroine for our hero, Donnan, and the one that he will wind up with. They have a duty to the human race and they sound like the bearers of the best surviving genes - or of some of them. Donnan's supporters in the Benjamin Franklin include:

"Easterling...a big young Negro..." (3, p. 30)

Easterling has found a gun and knows how to use it - and also how not to use it, even after there have already been two killings. He is one of those who recognize Donnan's gift for leadership.

Coincidentally, I am simultaneously reading about a "Swedish maiden":

"Karin Erikkson...of the classic Nordic type, with long blonde hair..."
-Colin Dexter, The Way Through The Woods (London, 1998), Chapter Eleven, p. 57.

Uppsala and Stockholm are mentioned, reminders of Larsson.

I set out to post about Sigrid and Karin but Easterling, quite rightly, shouldered his way in.

STAR TREK And AFTER DOOMSDAY

Although Star Trek: The Original Series was prematurely cancelled after only three seasons, the Star Trek media franchise has become vaster than any prose sf future history series and has familiarized TV and cinema audiences with dramatic scenes set on the bridges of faster than light interstellar spaceships. We reflect on this Star Trek-prose sf parallelism once again as we reread Poul Anderson's accounts of the starships, Benjamin Franklin and Europa, in his After Doomsday: infinitesimally briefer but also infinitely better than Star Trek.

See also:

On The Bridge

Star Ways

Star Trek ought to serve as a introduction to prose sf rather than as a phenomenon per se. However, people out there are going to continue to have tastes that differ from yours or mine. May we all flourish.

All For Nothing?

After Doomsday, 4.

Contemplating the murder of Earth, Sigrid Holmen thinks:

"One senseless kick of some cosmic boot, and the whole long story came to an end and had all, all been for nothing." (p. 33)

No. It had not been for nothing. Everything, including life on Earth, will send sometime. It will not then have been for nothing. It was for something while it existed. Sure, in this scenario, life on Earth has ended far sooner than it should have done but that does not change the fact that it had its own value while it existed. And, in any case, it has produced Sigrid, her fellow European women and the crew of the USS Benjamin Franklin. These human survivors will change the balance of power in two civilization-clusters and will reseed Earth with life. But, even if they did not do any of that, life on Earth was of value while it existed.

Ad Astra and Earthman, Come Home.

See Also:

The End

For Nothing?


Wednesday, 11 March 2026

Carl Donnan

After Doomsday, 3.

Donnan:

ranch kid;
tramp;
merchant seaman;
engineering degree;
jobs around Earth;
a few investments;
friendship with a Senator;
assignment to the first American interstellar spaceship;
studying extra-solar mechanical techniques;
visits to twelve planets in four civilization-clusters;
beginning of a sketch of the galaxy;
takes over the Franklin when its crew goes to pieces...

That is the end of Chapter 3 and a good place to stop for the night. Chapter 4 introduces the all-women European ship, the Europa.

Other reading:

finished Maugham's Avenden;
starting the tenth Inspector Morse novel.

As my friend, Andrea, said, I want to be around to see what happens next.

Civilization-Clusters; Dandelion Seeds: A Unique Interstellar Setting

After Doomsday, 3.

As a matter of fact, World Without Stars and After Doomsday each have a unique setting. In World Without Stars, a spaceship can make an instantaneous jump not only to another planetary system but even to another galaxy but must first accelerate to the relative velocity of its destination system or galaxy. Thus, any space journey does after all take time. However, human beings have unlimited time because, thanks to the antithanatic, they die only by accident or violence, not from disease or old age, and memories must be artificially edited so that a lot of people write journals. How long would they remain recognizably human?

In After Doomsday, a spaceship can cross the galaxy in months although there is no mention of any extra-galactic travel because there is more than enough to occupy a space travelling species not only within this galaxy but even in an immediate vicinity within the galaxy. There are a hundred billion stars, at least half of them with at least one life-bearing planet and many of these bearing intelligent life.

The superlight drive was invented once or many times. Some species explore. Others learn from the explorers. There is usually nothing to fear. There is room for all. Each planet is economically and politically self-sufficient. Most races are primitive or uninterested in space travel. However, among the few that are industrialized and outward looking, superlight tech spreads randomly like dandelion seeds. There is tourism and trade in non-essentials but each planet deals regularly only with others in its own immediate civilization-cluster because anything more than that would be too much. There are a million clusters numbering anything from one to one hundred planets.

A hundred and fifty years ago, a race that had been exploring space for centuries discovered Monwaing. Twenty years ago, the Monwaingi discovered Earth. A language of the first spacefaring race in a cluster is adapted for inter-species communication. Goldberg has studied scientific texts in Tantha and Uru as well as in translation. There is a sudden explosion of knowledge.

This novel is right about the size of the galaxy but optimistic about superlight and the number of intelligent species.